If you are a child’s legal father, you have certain rights and responsibilities. Your responsibilities include providing financial support to your child and taking care of your child if you have custody rights. Included in these responsibilities are the rights you are afforded as a father, such as the right to spend time with your child and decision-making rights.
The child’s father and the child’s mother have equal rights under Texas law. Any decisions made on behalf of the child must be in their best interests. Once a father has established paternity and established themselves as the legal father, they have the following legal rights:
Child custody laws provide that a legal father may seek custody of their children, including both legal custody and physical custody. In Texas, child custody is known as “conservatorship” which refers to the decision-making rights each parent has in a child’s life. Possession refers to the rights each parent has to spend time with the child.
Both the mother and father have custody rights to their children once they are legally established as their parents. If you are not on the birth certificate but have established your parental responsibility rights by proving paternity, you can apply for custody rights to your child.
Visitation Rights
If the mother has primary custody of the child and is the custodial parent, the father can apply for visitation rights. Usually, Judges believe it is in the best interest of the children to have access to both parents, provided there is no history of family violence. If you do not have custody and visitation rights to your child, you can apply for them with the help of an attorney.
A Standard Possession Order (SPO) in Texas gives primary custody to one parent and visitation rights to the other. The type of visitation schedule depends on your circumstances. However, a standard visitation court order could include visitation on the first, third, and fifth weekends of the month.
Inheritance Rights
Children may receive property and assets upon a father’s death, even when there is no Last Will and Testament. By acknowledging paternity, you give these rights to your children to receive your assets upon your death.
Decision-Making Rights
If you legally establish yourself as a father and a managing conservator, you have the right to make decisions about your child’s upbringing, including where they go to school, their religion, and the healthcare they receive.
What Rights Do Fathers Have if Not on Birth Certificate?
If you are not on the birth certificate, you do not have any legal rights unless you establish paternity for your child. For unmarried parents, the father must first establish paternity before they have any legal relationship or rights to their child. This applies regardless of whether they are the biological father.
The most important step for unmarried parents with children is the father determining paternity and establishing his rights as the legal father. Usually, this is done in the hospital when the child is born by signing an Acknowledgement of Paternity (AOP) form.
However, if this was not done in the hospital for whatever reason, you can get help with this process from an experienced family law attorney.
Establishing Paternity in Texas
If you are not on the birth certificate of your child, you must establish legal paternity before you have any rights. The easiest way to establish paternity is by being married to the mother at the time of the birth. However, if you were not married when the child was born and your name is not on the birth certificate, you can establish paternity in the following ways:
Acknowledgement of Paternity
An Acknowledgment of Paternity (AOP) is a legal document allowing an unmarried biological father to establish their rights to a child. Both the mother and the father must agree to sign this document and submit it to the Texas Vital Statistics Unit. Once this document is signed as submitted, your rights as a legal father are established.
Paternity Tests
If the child’s mother chooses to not sign the Acknowledgement of Paternity (AOP) form, you may need to file a paternity suit to establish paternity. This is known as a Petition to Adjudicate Parentage in Texas. By filing this petition, you can request a court order to establish your rights as a legal parent. The court may order a DNA test to determine if you are the biological father.
Presumed Father
A presumed father has the same rights as the legal father. A presumption of paternity is made when:
- A father is married to the mother at the time of the child’s birth.
- The child is born before the 301st day after the marriage ended.
- The father lived with the child for the first two years of their life and presented the child as his own.
- Or the father married the mother to comply with Texas laws, the child was born during the marriage or before the 301st day after the marriage ended, and the marriage is invalid or could be declared invalid.
Amending a Child’s Birth Certificate
In some situations, you may amend your child’s birth certificate to include the father’s name. First, you must go through the process of establishing paternity and become recognized as the legal father. If you are not the legal father, your name cannot be added to the child’s birth certificate.
To amend a child’s birth certificate, you must send an Application for New Birth Certificate Based on Parentage with the following documents to the Texas Vital Statistics office:
- Completed Application for New Birth Certificate Based on Parentage signed by both parents or just one parent if there is a court decree establishing paternity.
- Application fee.
- Either an Acknowledgement of Paternity (AOP) form, a court order establishing parental rights, or a certified copy of a marriage license after the birth of the child.
To get help with this process, we recommend enlisting the services of qualified legal counsel. Establishing parental rights and getting an amended birth certificate can be quite complicated, and it is important that you do it correctly. An attorney with significant experience in this field will ensure that all documents are correctly submitted.